Analysis of three lab reports on cancer treatments  

Cancer has been one of the biggest problems in human history as there’s no definitive cure in order to survive it yet, cancer is a way for cells to start overproducing and causing damage to the human body. These are cancerous cells, which are the main problem caused by cancer. Many types of cancer have been treated over the years and many have found very successful treatments, and these reports will be talking about new ways or solutions involving different treatments for cancer. By analyzing these reports, To see if they have the proper sections for a lab report from abstract, introduction, method, results and discussion. These are all very important sections of a lab report. Such as from the abstract to summarize what’s happening in his lab report, and to provide background information, the introduction should introduce this information and to introduce the author’s purpose, methods are used in order to understand and see how this experiment or survey has been conducted. Results and discussions are also very important sections of a lab report as the results show us what happens after this experiment or survey and its conclusions, as for the discussion explains why it is important,explain what it means, as it can be new and how it contributes to the author’s purpose. Acknowledgements are also another important part of the lab report as you need to acknowledge all of the different providers or authors for this lab report. After the reading and understanding of three different lab reports. report 1 This report was conducted by Wakisaka, Minami, Okada, the staff at Osaka Heavy Ion Administration Company, and others as they created a cell-based experiment in order to create the correct PC3 clinical doses, which PC3 are cells that help to target cancer cells and help the patient battle cancer, based on the radiosensitivity( the immune system or the cells that help to target cancer cells) of human salivary gland cells. By irradiating the cells with x-rays which helped them find these PC3 clinical doses’ amount. Another report which I have named report 2 Cordes Labs analyzes pan-cancer cell adhesion, which is a way to control cancer cell production and delay it. This analysis was done by looking at the genes of the patients. To do so they conduct an experiment by cutting pieces of different RNA and look at their reactions to this process of cell adhesion. This cell adhesion helped the patients as this procedure gave instructions to the RNA to delay the cancerous cells, increasing their chances of survival. Report 3 is a survey based report by Knight/MD , Caitlin Brennan/PhD and others. In which they asked for the different perspectives of people working as Hospice providers on the care of patients with blood cancer and their blood transfusions in a Hospice setting as these transfusions have a low rate of happening in this Hospice program. Hospice providers are people who take intense care for patients that are terminally ill.They are able to figure out that most believe that having more blood transfusion in this Hospice system will definitely help the patient with blood cancer more.  After being able to analyze different parts of these three reports, see that they have made it to all of the different requirements on how to present a correct lab report, and each section helps in contributing to authors, purpose or discovery.

The abstract of Report 2 talks about how cancer is a very big problem as many global efforts are made to try to resist or come up with some solution or treatment for cancer. Most of these also seem to be as they address cancer adhesion. As a way of looking for this temporary solution in order to decrease cancer in many patients. Talks about how they try to connect more than 212 targets in their installation Cordes labs. As they’re trying to affirm the critical role or the importance of cancer adhesion. Report 1 and their abstract  highlighted the different treatment plans for carbon ion radiotherapy based on what they’re gonna do to the human salary gland as they are planning to target all specific volumes on how much clinical dose should be distributed in between the cells and cell line based on their cell sensitivity. The abstract  will go on to talk about the different sections of the report. It will also show how in the results PC3 cells are larger than the HSG cells based on how much they radiated cells. In report 3 it talks on the background of the survey, such as they will be interviewing different hospice providers. It talks on the medicine and results, and its conclusion on the method on how they made the survey as it was a cross-sectional survey and that the results showed that hospice providers want more blood transfusions. Looking back at all of these abstracts, report 1 was able to explain all the differences while report 2 has some parts missing such as explaining different sections of the report and report 3 just explains two of these sections only results and methods.In the introduction of report 2 talks about the mortality rates or how cancer is one of the biggest world problems right now and this has been like that for many years. Talks about how many different attempts were used to try to help cure cancer such as chemotherapy and other molecular treatments. This led to the discovery of adhesions. which was a way to reform cells and Cordes lab is one of the pioneers of such work. For the introduction report 1 it will explain the carbon ion radiotherapy, which can help create a superior physical dose distribution as they aim to help the control of prostate cancer and it will explain how this matter will go by using  CRT, which was a mixed B model, which help calculate different doses for these type of tumor cells. All of these introductions for these reports help explain what exactly is going on and what are the targets to do as they are looking for different treatments for these types of cancer. Report 2 explains very well on what different vases of procedures would do such as from using different cell adhesion mechanisms in order to rebuild cells as well report 2 explains how to create different doses for these prostate cancer cells and why it’s important as it stops the creation of tumors. Report 3 explains the importance of hospice workers and blood transfusions as they give great treatment to these patients. 

Report 2 methods named many different texts were used in order to collect research for this report such as “Silencing”, “Knockdown” the research had to be conducted in human cells. In order to see doctors’ results the new way of treating cancer works on patients is by reading the RNA sequencing data. More than 8587 tissues were analyzed. In order to analyze if survival was guaranteed for a patient. Report 1‘s methods will show the different calculations of how they will figure out the different doses. It will show the equation itself and how it was defined. It was also how they use this ”cell survival essay” to learn about the cell and its correct conditions in order to increase the survival rate and it is estimated that after the exposure for the x-ray, there is a correct and standard time before it starts dying off. Report 3 methods talk about how they selected 500 hospice they were picked out at random. They administered the survey during March 2022 to October 2022. There was no need to distribute the survey with the use of money. also talked about how they will summarize and analyze the different stats as the perspectives of these hospice providers and their characteristics. As seen here, these methods sections really underlined on all of their materials and how they figured out their different ways in order to conduct these experiments and surveys such as for report 2 it will underline all of the different sources they used, and also the experiment itself on their models. Report 1 explains the different equations we use, and how they reach the certain calculations, and how they were able to gain background information on these cells.Report 3 showed how the survey is made, distributed and counted up. 

The results section of report 2 says that as many of these 212 targets have responded well to the procedure, DNA damage has only been stopped, and only 30 of the targets said that most that this adhesion has done is lower the activity of the cancer. Such as the development of tumors. Report 1’s result section will show how the decrease of the activity of these PC3 cells and how they start changing their survival rates due to the radiation with the x-rays and they will see different values changing on the salary gland cells on the fact that they are probably surviving longer. The cancer cells will stop producing or have much activity and higher amounts of this x-ray. Report 3 results show that more than 113 completed the survey. It showed how they all were different parts of this hospice agency. Like none of them were owners of this company, and some of them are paid in wages. And also what type of job they do such as like nursing or in hospitals, and they will show the difference response to access of blood transfusions as many of them believe that there is not enough blood transfusions in this hospital or in the hospice agency, entirely and more than 72.1% agreed to have more blood transfusions as it’s a way to have better care for these patients. So the results sections of all of these reports show how they figure out what they are able to discover such as the clinical doses for these cancer to control the cancer cells, how cell adhesion has a positive impact on the patient as it stops or lowers the activity of these cancer cells and that these hospice workers would agree to more blood transfusions. All of these results sections complete their jobs on defining and showing the information discovered.

 The discussion of report 2 explains the reason why cell adhesion had a great effect on the cancer patient by this procedure ultimately led to regeneration in the immune system in order to develop healthy cells, and in the move of cancerous cells to other areas of the body in order to stop the spread in one concentrated area. This lowered most of the cancer activity in the body, giving the patient more chances of survival or even more time. Discussion section for report 1 explains how the cancer cells slowly decline by looking at the different radio activity of the PC3 cells helps for the production to drop and cancer cells to not prosper which helps to create the right dose of these PC3 cells. For report 3’s discussion shows it explains how these organizations of prospect have 10% less of transfusions, which are very problematic as many other institutions, such as this one, our key rules into the life of the patients, including ones with blood cancers explains the necessary use of these blood transfusions can benefit the patient. Despite all of this many of these workers agreed to have more blood transfusions, they also talk about how there is less money in the organization and showing that blood transfusions need way more help and funding in order to be possible. Report 1 and 2 discussion section explains what happens during the experiment and just a great review on what exactly happens. Such as  to explain cell adhesion helped to lower the activity of cancer cells and as well the x-ray, depending on the cells and sensitivity of the cancer cell. As for the discussion and report three shows the importance of this survey, and why more help or action needs to be taken in order to have more of these blood transfusions possible in order to benefit more of these patients with blood cancer.

Report 2 and 3 also had a conclusion while report 1 did not. In this section Cordes lab research on adhesion resistome does help the survival for therapy-treated patients as well as gives a high chance of survival for the patient. In Report 3’s conclusion it is confirmed that these hospice supporters who were interviewed support more blood transfusions for patients.  report 1 which should definitely have a conclusion on how all of this information should be explained and factor down into better more understandable sentences so this will be a part that we report 1 definitely fails at this section. In the acknowledgment section of these reports they were all able to identify and acknowledge all of the supporters, in order to create these reports.

In conclusion, both of the reports have big important messages towards them, and they do conclude their information and research correctly. As they both will have a great impact on these different cancer treatments and resolutions. Overall, although I will feel that report 2 is a more complete report and helps understand its purpose. 

References 

Report 2- Author links open overlay panelOlegs Borodins a 1, a, 1, b, c, d, e, f, Highlights•Preclinical studies support the relevance of adhesion mediated cancer resistance.•Nine cancer types exhibit similar altered expression of adhesion associated genes.•41 adhesion associated genes show clinical impact on patient survival., & AbstractCancer presents as a highly heterogeneous disease with partly overlapping and partly distinct (epi)genetic characteristics. These characteristics determine inherent and acquired resistance. (2023, April 19). Meta-analysis of expression and the targeting of cell adhesion associated genes in nine cancer types – a one research lab re-evaluation. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2001037023001708#sec0010

 Report 1-Author links open overlay panelYushi Wakisaka a b, a, b, c, Highlights•Prostate cancer cells show different radiosensitivity than reference cells.•Radiosensitivity differences affect the final clinical dose distribution.•Prostate cancer cell-based clinical dose from one-directional irradiation is no longer flat.•O, & Abstract[Purpose] Treatment plans for carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in Japan are designed to uniformly deliver the prescribed clinical dose based on the radiosensitivity of human salivary gland (HSG) cells to the planning target volume (PTV). However. (2023, February 11). Treatment planning of carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer based on cellular experiments with PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Physica Medica. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1120179723000145#ab005

Report 3- Author links open overlay panelHelen P. Knight MD 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, ABSTRACTContextPatients with blood cancers have low rates of hospice use. While lack of transfusion access in hospice is posited to substantially contribute to these low rates, Egan, P., Kris, A., Johnson, K., LeBlanc, T., Odejide, O., Niscola, P., Saleem, R., Wright, A., Earle, C., … O’Connor, N. (2023, September 29). Perspectives on transfusions for hospice patients with blood cancers: A survey of hospice providers. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392423007121